TAM DAO NATIONAL PARK

TAM DAO NATIONAL PARK
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Tam Dao National Park is one of 34 national parks across the country. It also preserves a diverse ecosystem, dense, multi-layered and multi-species flora. Along with the cool year-round climate, Tam Dao National Park has become an interesting tourist, picnic and sightseeing destination, attracting many tourists from everywhere.

Tam Dao National Park is located entirely on the Tam Dao mountain range, about 75km north of Hanoi. The park covers an area of 34,995 ha, of which 26,163 ha is forest, mainly in the form of evergreen moist rain forest with a coverage of 70% of the area. The garden spreads over three provinces of Vinh Phuc (Tam Dao district), Thai Nguyen (Dai Tu district) and Tuyen Quang (Son Duong district), is an area with high biodiversity, a reserve rare genetic resources of animal and plant in Viet Nam.

Tam Dao mountain range forms two distinct East and West slopes, with different annual rainfall contributing to different climatic sub-regions. This is also the factor that creates two hot and humid climate belts, tropical monsoon climate from 700-800m altitude and below and subtropical monsoon climate belt. In addition, Tam Dao Garden is also diverse in forest types such as lowland tropical/humid tropical evergreen closed forest, dwarf forest on mountain top, bamboo forest, post-harvesting recovery forest, plantation forest, shrubland, glade grass. Tam Dao forest also has many rare and precious medicinal plants, so it is a useful source of medicinal herbs for people around the area. All create a large garden covered with dense vegetation, many layers and diverse in species, biomes and ecosystems.

Tam Dao National Park has 1,282 plant species belonging to 660 genera belonging to 179 families of higher vascular plants, including species typical for subtropical regions. There are 42 endemic species and 64 rare species that need to be preserved and protected such as Tam Dao royal herb, long flower tea, fairy flower, climbing flower mace, rhododendron, octagonal lotus, lobster beard, tea camellia, a tree with seven leaves and one flower...

Animals are also very rich, there are 163 species belonging to 158 families of 39 orders, in 5 classes with 239 bird species, many species have beautiful feather colors such as golden yellow, white, pink, and red pepper. Some species as rare as the Germain's peacock-pheasant and the white pheasant have 64 species of animals with valuable species such as flying squirrels, clouded leopards, tigers, sun bears, civets, gibbons, and black langurs.

There are 39 endemic species of animals, of which 11 are narrow endemic species found only in Tam Dao National Park such as angen snakes, sun snakes, and Tam Dao toad fish. Along with that, the insect class has 651 species. Some rare species can be mentioned, such as: Tam Dao sword butterfly, horse bear, black squirrel, honeysuckle bird, toad fish, small loris, civet, red-faced monkey, small-nosed leaf bat... Tam Dao National Park This is an area with high biodiversity and a reserve of rare and precious animal and plant genetic resources of our country.

Tam Dao National Park is a precious asset of the nation, with many benefits for the resident community in the area. The garden also brings great value in protecting the environment, regulating and supplying water, serving scientific research and serving tourism and convalescence, providing forest products and medicinal herbs. With the aim to manage, protect and sustainably develop the ecosystems in Tam Dao National Park, since its establishment, the park management board has been divided into 3 main subdivisions including:

+ Strictly guarded subdivision

+ Ecological restoration subdivision

+ Administrative subdivision and tourism services.

+ Strictly protected zone: This subdivision aims to strictly protect forest ecosystems and fauna and flora in the subdivision such as banning the exploitation of timber, firewood and other forest products; ban hunting of wild animals and any actions affecting the forest and its flora and fauna; and do not build massive constructions and make major roads in the subdivision.
+ Ecological restoration subdivision: surrounded by strict protection zone because this area was previously outside the Tam Dao forbidden forest, so the natural forest in this area has been exploited many times and many areas have been destroyed. Up to now, this subdivision has been zoned for regeneration and reforestation. This area aims to regenerate natural forests on an area that has been destroyed to restore the forest ecosystem and reduce human impact on the strictly protected subdivision, strengthen the protection of the environment and water resources. Here, it will be zoned for rearing, taking advantage of natural regeneration where the mother plant is still sowing seeds and the forest land is still good. Replanting forests where natural regeneration is no longer possible. Initially, it is possible to plant fast-growing imported plants such as Pinus massoniana, Acacia (Acaciamangium). Then, plant large trees of local origin and specialty trees of high economic value.

+ Administrative and tourist service subdivision: has an area of 2,302ha located on the northwest slope of Tam Dao in the territory of Vinh Phuc province, surrounding Tam Dao town and the water system of 2 streams Thac Bac and Dong Bua. In the subdivision, there are both natural forests and planted forests to create beautiful landscapes and ecological environment for the tourist area. This area creates favorable conditions for developing eco-tourism, attracting domestic and foreign tourists to relax, entertain and learn about nature and forest resources of Tam Dao. Here, there are hotels, motels and entertainment areas to attract tourists. At the same time, build and renovate tourist sites and routes in the subdivision to create attractiveness for tourists and always pay attention to protecting nature in the area, without damaging forests, landscapes and water sources. and ecological environment.

In Tam Dao National Park, there is also a Vietnam Bear Rescue Center built on an area of nearly 12 hectares, designed to be eligible for lifelong care for about 200-250 bears. Up to now, there are more than 100 rescued bears living at the Center.

Most bears rescued to the Center belong to the species of black bear, a black bear with a lemon-yellow semicircular neck cavity. Bears can weigh up to 200kg, with an average lifespan of about 25 years. Bears are good at climbing, like to swim, have a very good sense of smell and especially like to eat honey and ripe fruits.

In addition, there are also several Malayan bears at the Center, which are much smaller bears with a circular neck cavity, which many people refer to as a symbol of the rising sun. Bears have an average weight of about 70kg, especially with very long and sharp claws. Like Tibetan bears, Malayan bears love to eat honey and ripe fruits. In the wild, Malayan bears are very good climbers and often spend a lot of time living in trees.

With a staff of mainly foreign veterinary experts, after being rescued, bears will be regularly monitored for health and developed a reasonable diet for each. In particular, bears are not only cared for physically, but other factors of quality of life are also very important. For example, the Center has designed a bear-specific enrichment program, which allows bears to exhibit natural behaviors that stimulate the development of senses as well as survival skills.
One of the other important goals of the Vietnam Bear Rescue Center is to raise public awareness about wildlife conservation and the natural environment in general, as well as bear conservation in Vietnam in particular.

This goal is integrated with the garden's activities on eco-friendly tourism, enhanced through visits to the center, allowing visitors to see bears in their own hands, recognizing the need for the care and conservation of bears, thereby contributing to reducing the demand for bear bile, bear products, as well as activities related to the capture of bears because economic purposes.
 

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